Full 3-Statement LBO

Summit Industrial Products: A Build-From-Blank LBO Modeling Test

Industrial Manufacturing · Associate · 2.5–3 hours

Summit Industrial Products is a timed, build-from-blank LBO modeling test on a founder-owned manufacturer. No template, no pre-formatted tabs — an empty workbook and a prompt. It is designed to test whether you can architect a model from nothing, which is a materially different skill from filling in someone else's template.

This page walks through what the case contains, what it is actually testing, how to allocate your time, and the mistakes that most often sink candidates on it. For the broader context on how these exercises work, start with our guide to what a private equity case study looks like.

The Business

Summit is a founder-owned industrial manufacturer with a concentrated product line and a long-tenured customer base. Founder ownership is central to the case: it means add-back scrutiny, questions about management depth, and a real conversation about what changes post-close.

The revenue build is unit-level — volume times price, by product line — rather than a blended growth rate. That is deliberate. It forces you to think about what actually drives the top line.

What This Case Tests

A unit-level revenue build

Volume and price modeled separately by product line. Blended growth assumptions will not survive the debrief.

Working capital from days metrics

DSO, DIO, DPO rather than a percent-of-revenue shortcut. You have to convert days into balances and flow the change through cash.

A 100% excess cash flow sweep

Every dollar of free cash goes to debt paydown. Simpler than a tiered sweep, but it makes the model highly sensitive to your cash flow build.

A stepping SOFR curve

The floating rate changes by year. Interest expense has to reference the right rate in the right period.

A two-variable sensitivity table

Entry multiple against exit multiple, or leverage against growth. Data tables break easily in a model with circularity — knowing how to handle that is part of the test.

Model architecture from a blank sheet

Nobody gives you tabs. How you organize the workbook is itself being graded.

How to Approach It

Architect before you build

Five minutes sketching your tab structure — assumptions, model, debt, returns — saves thirty minutes of rework later.

Get the revenue build right first

The unit-level build is the foundation. If volume and price are wrong, every downstream number is wrong.

Convert days to balances carefully

DSO to AR, DIO to inventory, DPO to AP. Get the denominators right (revenue vs. COGS) — this is a classic silent error.

Debt schedule with the sweep last

Build interest on beginning balances first, get it working, then add the 100% sweep and turn on iteration.

Sensitivities only once the model is stable

A data table on a broken model produces garbage. Confirm returns are sane before you build the grid.

Common Mistakes on This Case

A blended growth rate

The prompt gives you units and price for a reason. Using a single growth percentage tells the interviewer you did not read carefully.

Wrong denominator on working capital days

AR is driven by revenue; inventory and AP by COGS. Mixing these produces balances that look plausible and are wrong.

Ignoring founder add-backs

Founder-owned businesses come with personal expenses in the P&L. Which add-backs do you accept, and which do you challenge?

A disorganized workbook

On a build-from-blank test, architecture is content. Hardcoded values inside formulas are penalized.

Get the Case Packet

Get the Summit Industrial Products case packet

The full Summit Industrial Products packet — business overview, end markets, historical financials, and the complete set of transaction and operating assumptions — is available inside the PEPath app, along with a framework for what a strong answer looks like, the common mistakes, and discussion questions to self-assess against.

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The candidates who clear cases like this one are rarely the smartest people in the room. They are the ones who have built enough models that the mechanics are automatic, which frees their attention for the judgment the interviewer is actually testing.

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